N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl ester and terpene-containing, paint removing composition

ABSTRACT

A synergistic paint removing composition is disclosed which comprises a plurality of known solvents in very specific proportions, namely: 5 to 55% of N-methyl pyrrolidone, 6 to 45% of a dibasic ester, 5 to 40% of a terpene derivative, 2 to 15% of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate and 1 to 5% of a wetting agent, all of the above percentages being expressed by weight. This composition is partially miscible in water even though some of its constituents are not water miscible, thereby making the composition easy to wash and thus preventing oily film to be left on the treated substrate. The composition according to the invention is normally in liquid form. If desired, for some applications, a thickening agent can be added thereto to convert it to a gel.

The present invention broadly relates to compositions usually referred "paint removers" in the trade, which are used for removing paint from a substrate, such as wood, metal like iron or steel, or plastic material like polypropylene.

More particularly, the invention relates to a paint removing composition comprising a plurality of known solvents and paint removers which are mixed in suitable amounts, and altogether "cooperate" in a synergistic manner to give very efficient results for removing paint from a substrate.

As aforesaid, numerous products are known and presently available in the market as solvents and/or paint removers. However, most of these known products are restricted to very specific uses (some are efficient with given types of paint while others are efficient with other types of paint). Most of the knows products also are either hydrophobic or hydrophillic, thereby further restricting their uses.

The object of the present invention is to provide a synergistic paint removing composition which incorporates a plurality of known solvents and/or paint removers together with one or more suitable wetting agents.

The invention is based on the discovery that if some very specific solvents and paint removers known per se are mixed in very specific amounts, the resulting composition exhibits an excellent paint removing action which is actually better than the paint removing action of each solvent or paint remover when taken separately, whatever be the type of paint to be removed or the substrate onto which this paint has been applied. The invention is also based on the discovery that when the same, very specific solvents and paint removers are mixed in said very specific amounts, the resulting composition is partially miscible in water even though some of its constituents are not water miscible, thereby making the composition easy to wash and thus preventing oily film to be left on the treated substrate.

The synergistic paint removing composition according to the invention basically comprises:

from 5 to 55% of N-methyl pyrrolidone;

from 6 to 45% of a dibasic ester selected from the group consisting of dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate and mixtures thereof;

from 5 to 40% of a water-immiscible compound selected from the group consisting of terpene derivatives and mixtures thereof;

from 2 to 15% of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate; and

from 1 to 5% of at least one wetting agent consisting of 0.5 to 3% of a compound selected from the group consisting of C₁₂ -C₁₅ alcohols, ethoxylated C₁₂ -C₁₅ -alcohols and their mixtures, and 0.5 to 2% of an ethoxylated nonylphenol derivative of the formula: C₉ H₁₈ C₆ H₄ O(CH₂ CH₂ --O).sub.α H where α is an interger ranging from 4 to 11.

In the above formulation as well as every where else in the following description and accompanying claims, the percentage are expressed by weight unless otherwise specified.

Advantageously, the composition may also comprise:

up to 16% of dimethylformamide; and

up to 9% of γ-butyrolactone.

Preferably, the water immiscible compound is selected from the group consisting of d-limonene, dipentene, terpinolene, terpene alcohols, turpentine oil and their mixtures. The preferred compounds are d-limonene and terpene alcohols, the most preferred one being d-limonene.

The composition according to the invention is normally in a liquid form. If desired, for some applications, a thickening agent can be added thereto to "convert" it to a gel. As a thickening agent, use can be made of up to 1.2% by weight and preferably of 0.8% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.

The composition according to the invention whatever be is form can also contain up to 0.05% of a pigment to color it.

As aforesaid, the composition according to the invention is very efficient as a paint remover, whatever be the type of paint and type of substrate for it. Tests carried out by the Applicant have shown that its viscosity and gel stability (when in the form of a gel) are very good, even after two weeks at 50° C. No metal corrosion has been noticed, even after 3 months. Since the constituents of the composition do not contain fluoride, it does not cause ozone layer depletion. Its toxicity is low and its biodegrability complete. As a matter of fact, the composition according to the invention is both combustible and recyclable. As aforesaid, it is partially miscible with water and thus easily washable, with no oily film left.

COMPARATIVE TESTS

To show the efficiency of the composition according to the invention, comparative tests were carried out between a composition according to the invention, and a commercially available trichlorethane-based paint remover. These test were carried out onto different paints applied in one or more layers onto different substrates. The composition according to the invention that was used for these tests had the following formulation:

about 41.5% of N-methyl pyrrolidone like the one sold by BASF, GAF or ARCO;

about 12% of dibasic ester like the one sold by Dupont;

about 17.5% of d-limonene like the one sold by Cargill (Brazil), VanWaters & Rogers or Cedarome

about 16% of dimethylformamide (sold by VanWaters & Rogers);

about 7.2% of γ-butyrolactone like the one sold by BASF, GAF or ARCO;

about 2% of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate (sold under the trade mark "Cellosolve" by VanWaters & Rogers);

about 2% of ethoxylated C₁₂ -C₁₅ alcohol (laurylic alcohol/ethoxylated pentadecanol mixture sold by Rhone-Poulenc under the trade mark "Rhodasurf 25-3");

about 1% of nonyl phenol ethoxylate like the one sold by Rhone Poulenc under the trade mark "Rhodasurf NP", by Union Carbide under the trade mark "Tergitol NP-9"or VanWater & Rogers under the trade mark "Sufonic NP-95";

about 0,01% of green copper phtalocyanine pigment like those sold by BASF under the trade marks "Bayanil" and "Levanil green"; and

about 0.8% by weight of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose like the one sold by Dow Chemicals under the trade mark "Methocel 311", whereby the composition was in the form of a gel.

In the above composition, N-methylpyrrolidone, γ-butyrolactone and dimethylformamide are known to be water-miscible industrials solvents and paint removers that are chiefly effective on water based varnish, water-based wall paint, water-based roof paint, water-based roof paint, water-based multilayer paint and water-based acrylic. However, dibasic ester, d-limonene and "Cellosolve" are paint removers not miscible with water, which are chiefly effective on acrylic, urethane, long oil alkyd and alkyd polyurethane paints.

The results that were obtained are reported in the following table.

                  TABLE     ______________________________________                         COMPOSITION                         ACCORDING   TRICHLORO-             MATERIAL TO TO THE      ETHANE BASED     PAINT   BE COATED   INVENTION   PRODUCT     ______________________________________     Acrylic polypropylene                         C           B     Urethane     Long oil             Soft iron   B           B     Alkyd     Alkyd poly-             Wood        B           B     urethane     Water based             Wood        B           B     varnish     Water based             Wood        A           B     wall paint     Water based             Slate       B           B     roof paint     Water based             Slate       A           B     floor paint     Water based             Slate       B           B     multi-layer     paint     Water based             Slate       B           B     acrylic     mastic paint     ______________________________________      Evaluation grade for single layer paints:      A: lifted in 1 minute      B: lifted in 1-5 minutes      C: lifted in 5-20 minutes      D: lifted in 20-60 minutes      E: lifted after 60 minutes      Evaluation grade for multilayer paints:      A: 100% removed      B: 80% removed      C: 50% removed      D: 30% removed      E: not removed 

We claim:
 1. A synergistic paint removing composition consisting essentially of:from 5 to 55% of N-methyl pyrrolidone; from 6 to 45% of a dibasic ester selected from the group consisting of dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate and mixtures thereof; from 5 to 40% of a water-immiscible compound selected from the group consisting of terpene derivatives, and mixtures thereof; from 2 to 15% of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate; from 0.5 to 3% of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of C₁₂ -C₁₅ alcohols, ethoxylated C₁₂ -C₁₅ -alcohols and their mixtures, and 0.5 to 2% of an ethoxylated nonylphenol derivative of the formula; C₉ H₁₈ C₆ H₄ O(CH₂ CH₂ --O).sub.α H where α is an integer ranging from 4 to 11; all the above mentioned percentages being expressed by weight.
 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the water immiscible compound is selected from the group consisting of d-limonene, dipentene, terpinolene, terpene alcohols, turpentine oil and their mixtures.
 3. The composition of claim 2, wherein the water immiscible compound is d-limonene.
 4. The composition of any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, further consisting essentially of up to 16% of dimethylformamide.
 5. The composition of any one of claims 1, 2 and 3 further consisting essentially of up to 9% of γ-butyrolactone.
 6. The composition of any one of claims 1, 2 and 4, further consisting essentially ofup to 16% of dimethylformamide; and up to 9% of γ-butyrolactone.
 7. The composition of claim 2, further consisting essentially of up to 0.05% of a pigment.
 8. The composition of claim 7, wherein the pigment is copper phtalocyanine.
 9. The composition of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 7, or 8, further consisting essentially ofup to 1.2% of thickening agent,whereby said compositions is in the form of a gel.
 10. The composition of claim 9, wherein said thickening agent is hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose.
 11. A synergistic paint removing composition consisting essentially of:from 5 to 55% of N-methyl pyrrolidone; from 6 to 45% of a dibasic ester selected from the group consisting of dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate and mixtures thereof; from 5 to 40% of a water immiscible compound selected from the group consisting of d-limonene and terpene alcohols; 2 to 15% of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate; up to 16% of dimethylformamide; up to 9% of γ-butyrolactone; from 0.5 to 3% of an ethoxylated C₁₂ -C₁₅ alcohol; from 0.5 to 2% of an ethoxylated nonyl phenol derivative; and up to 0.05% of a pigment, all the above mentioned percentages being expressed by weight.
 12. The composition of claim 11, further consisting essentially of:up to 1.2% by weight of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose,whereby said composition is in the form of a gel.
 13. The composition of claim 11 or 12, consisting essentially of:about 41.5% of said N-methyl pyrrolidone; about 12% of said dibasic ester; about 17.5% of d-limonene as said water-immiscible compound; about 16% of dimethylformamide; about 7.2% of said γ-butyrolactone; about 2% of said ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate; about 2% of said ethoxylated C₁₂ -C₁₅ alcohol; about 1% of said ethoxylated nonyl phenol derivative; and about 0,01% of green copper phtalocyanine as said pigment. 